GETTING INTO GRAMMAR FOR ANIMATION BUSINESS ENGLISH SKILLS 2
By : Faisal Akbar
Animation Student at Polimedia
..........................................................................................................................................................
A. PAST FORMS
1. SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Simple past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Tobe (was,were)+O+Adv
I was a 3D modeller last year
-
S+Tobe+Not+O+Adv
I was not an animator
?
Tobe+S+O+Adv
Were you an animator ten years ago?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+V2 (ed)+O+Adv
The
history of chinese animation began in 1918 when an animation piece from
united states title out of the inkwell landed in shanghai.
-
S+Did+Not+V1+O+Adv
Though the animation industry did not begin until the arrival of the wan brother 1926
?
Did+S+V1+O+Adv
did you study animation last year?
2. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Past
Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau
peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau ketika
kejadian lain terjadi.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Tobe (was,were)+Being+O+Adv
I was being an animator student at PoliMedia
-
S+Tobe+Not+being+O+Adv
She was being an animation lecture when he was 30
?
Tobe (was,were)+S+being+O+Adv
Were you being an animator student at polimedia?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Tobe (was,were)+V-ing+O+Adv
I was modelling 3d character in my house
-
S+Tobe+Not+V-ing+O+Adv
I was not modelling 3d character in my house
?
Tobe (was,were)+S+V-ing+O+Adv
Were you modelling 3d character in my house ?
3. PAST PERFECT TENSE
Past
perfect tense digunakan untuk menerangkan suatu perbuatan atau
peristiwa yang sudah selesai dilakukan pada waktu lampau.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Had+Been+O+Adv
They had been a supervisor at Studio since last year
-
S+Had+Not+Been+O+Adv
You had not been a supervisor in infinite studio since 2006
?
Had+S+Been+O+Adv
Had you been a supervisor at studio since last year ?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Had+V3+O+Adv
I had waited for the render result last night for 4 hours, but suddenly there was a black out
-
S+Had+Not+V3+O+Adv
I hadn’t studied animation when my father came here
?
Had+S+V3+O+Adv
Had you considered praising a writer simply because he made no spelling mistakes?
4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Past
Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih
berlangsung terus hingga pada waktu yang lampau pula.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Had+Been+Being+O+Adv
I had been being an animation student since 2011
-
S+Had+Not+Been+Being+O+Adv
You had not been being a storyboard artist since 2005
?
Had+S+Been+Being+O+Adv
Had you been being a storyboard artist since 2005?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Had+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
The public had been seeing Nick’s short animated films in festival and retrospectives around the world
-
S+Had+Not+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
We had not been studying digital painting for 6 months
?
Had+S+Been+V-ing++O+Adv
Had we been studying digital painting for 6 months?
B. PRESENT FORMS
1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Simple
present tense adalah suatu bentuk kalimat yang menyatakan suatu bentuk
perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pasda saat sekarang atau kejadian
yang merupakan kebiasaan sehari-hari.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+tobe (am, is, are)+O+Adv
You are an animator
-
S+tobe (am, is, are)+not+O+Adv
You are not an animator
?
Tobe+S+O/C
Do you an animator ?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+V1+O+Adv
You make an animation at studio
-
S+Do/Does+Not+V1+Adv
You do not make an animation at studio
?
Do/Does+S+V1+O+Adv
Do you make an animation at Studio?
2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Present
Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau
peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung dan belum selesai di waktu
sekarang.
Bentuk Nominal:
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+tobe (am,is,are)+Being+O+Adv
You are being animator
-
S+tobe (am,is,are)+not+Being+O+Adv
You are not being an animator
?
Tobe (am,is,are)+S+Being+O+Adv
Are you being an animator ?
Bentuk Verbal:
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Tobe (Is,am,are)+V-ing+O+Adv
He is watching the animation progran
-
S+Tobe (Is,am,are)+Not+V-ing+O+Adv
He is not watching the animation program
?
Tobe (is,am,are)+S+V-ing+O+Adv
Is he watching the animation program ?
3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Present perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang telah selesai di waktu sekarang.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Have/Has+Been+O+Adv
He has been in the animation studio since yesterday
-
S+Have/Has+Not+Been+O+Adv
He has not been in the animation studio since yesterday
?
Have/Has+S+Been+O+Adv
Has he been in the animation studio since yesterday ?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Have/Has+V3+O+Adv
They have made an animation film for along time
-
S+Have/Has+Not+V3+O+Adv
They have not made an animation film for along time
?
Have/Has+S+V3+O+Adv
Have they made an animation film for along time ?
4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan atau peristiwa yang dimulai dari waktu lampau dan masih terus
berlangsung hingga waktu sekarang.
Bentuk Nominal :
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Have/Has+Been+Being+O+Adv
I have been being an animator since I was 18 years old
-
S+Have/Has+Not+Been+Being+O+Adv
I haven’t been being an animator since I was 18 years old
?
Have/Has+S+Been+Being+O+Adv
Have I been an animator since I was 18 years old ?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Have/Has+Been+V-ing+O+Adv.
Walt Disney has been making cartoon since 1928
-
S+Have/Has+Not+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
Walt Disney hasn’t been making cartoon since 1928
?
Have/Has+S+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
Has been walt Disney making cartoon since 1928 ?
C. FUTURE FORMS
1. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Simple Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu yang datang.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will/Shall+Be+O+Adv
Risnadi will be an animator today
-`
S+Will/Shall+Not+Be+O+Adv
Risnadi will not be an animator today
?
Will/Shall+S+Be+O+Adv
Will Risnadi be an animator today?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will/Shall+V1+O+Adv
Imad will come to your studio animation next week
-
S+Will/Shall+Not+V1+O+Adv
Imad will not come to your studio animation next week
?
Will/Shall+S+V1+O+Adv
Will Imad come to your studio animation next week?
2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
Future
Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau
peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung di waktu tertentu di masa yang
akan datang.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will/Shall+Be+Being+O+Adv
I will be being a talented animator
-
S+Will/Shall+Not+Be+Being+O+Adv
I will not be being a talented animator
?
Will/Shall+S+Be+Being+O+Adv
Will you be being a talented animator?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will/Shall+Be+V-ing+O+Adv
Robbi will be drawing a character design tomorrow
-
S+Will/Shall+Not+Be+V-ing+O+Adv
Robbi will not be drawing a character design tomorrow
?
Will/Shall+S+Be+V-ing+O+Adv
Will Robbi be drawing a character design tomorrow?
3. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Future
Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau
peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan segera selesai pada
waktu yang akan datang.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will/Shall+Have+Been+O+Adv
We will have been at studio animation by the end of the week
-
S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+Been+O+Adv
We will not have been at studio animation by the end of the week
?
Will/Shall+S+Have+Been+O+Adv
Will we have been studio animation by the end of the week?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will?Shall+Have+V3+O+Adv
We shall have arrived in animation class at 7.30 o’clock
-
S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+V3+O+Adv
We shall not have arrived in animation class at 7.30 o’clock
?
Will/Shall+S+Have+V3+O+Adv
Shall we have arrived in animation class at 7.30 o’clock?
4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Future
Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau tetapi
masih ada kemungkinan dilanjutkan pada waktu yang akan datang.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will/Shall+Have+Been+O+Adv
Izak will have been a famous animator within ten years ahead
-
S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+Been+O+Adv
Izak will not have been a famous animator within ten years ahead
?
Will/Shall+S+Have+Been+O+Adv
Will Izak have been a famous animator within ten years ahead?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Will/Shall+Have+Been+V-ing+O-Adv
We will have been creating an animation film for seven month by next month
-
S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
We will not have been creating an animation film for seven month by next month
?
Will/Shall+S+Have+Been+V-ing-O+Adv
Will we have been creating an animation film for seven month by next month
C. PAST FUTURE FORMS
1. SIMPLE PAST FUTURE TENSE
Past Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu lampau.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+Be+O+Adv
we should be there last night
-
S+Would/Should+Not+Be+O+Adv
we shouldn’t be there last night
?
Would/Should+S+Be+O+Adv
Sould we be there last night
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+V1+O+Adv
you should go to school if you are still sick
-
S+Would/Should+Not+V1+O+Adv
You should not go to school if you are still sick
?
Would/Should+S+V1+O+Adv
should you go to school if you are still sick ?
2. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
Past
Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah sedang berlangsung pada waktu
lampau.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+Be+Being+O+Adv
I should be being an animator if i study at polimedia
-
S+Would/Should+Not+Be+Being+O+Adv
I should not be being an animator if I did not study at PoliMedia
?
Would/Should+S+Be+Being+O+Adv
should i be being an animator if i study at polimedia ?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+Be+V-ing+O+Adv
They would have been waiting for three hours by last Sunday
-
S+Would/Should+Not+Be+V-ing+O+Adv
They wouldn’t have been waiting for three hours by last Sunday .
?
Would/Should+S+Be+V-ing+O+Adv
Would they have been waiting for three hours by last Sunday ?
3. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Past Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah selesai pada waktu lampau
atau menyatakan pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya
sudah pasti tidak akan terpenuhi.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+Have+Been+O+Adv
I should have been there if they had invited me
-
S+Would/Should+Not+Have+Been+O+Adv
I should not have been there if they had not invited me
?
Would/Should+S+Have+Been+O+Adv
should you have been there if they had invited me ?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+Have+V3+O+Adv
He would have come here if she had Phoned him
-
S+Would/Should+Not+Have+V3+O+Adv
He wouldn’t have come here if she had not phoned him
?
Would/Should+S+Have+V3+O+Adv
would he have come here if she had phoned him ?
4. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung.
Bentuk Nominal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+Have+Been+Being+O+Adv
I should have been being an art director by studying animation technology
-
S+Would/Should+Have+Not+Been+Being+O+Adv
I should’nt have been being art director by studying animation technology.
?
Would/Should+S+Have+Been+Being+O+Adv
Should you have been being art director by studying animation technology?
Bentuk Verbal
Form
Pattern
Example
+
S+Would/Should+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
My mother would have been preparing breakfast at this hour yesterday morning
-
S+Would/Should+Not+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
My mother would’nt have been preparing breakfast at this hour yesterday morning.
?
Would/Should+S+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv
Would she have been preparing breakfast at this hour yesterday morning?
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